Білім айнасы Республикалық газет АННОТАЦИЯ
В казахстанском обществе проводится политика трехъязычия, направленная на изучение казахского языка, как государственного и русского и английского языков, как языков международного общения. Язык – это ключевое явление культуры, вероятно, главный механизм национального единения, инструмент возникновения и воспроизводства нации, как социальной структуры, стержень национального государства, но также это инструмент для сохранения национального многообразия и поэтому вопрос о языке оказывается не только культурным, но и политическим.
In Kazakhstan society politics of threelinguism is conducted which aimed at the study of Kazakh language, as the state one and Russian and English as languages of international communication. Language — is a key cultural phenomenon, probably the main mechanism of national unity, a tool occurrence and reproduction of the nation as a social structure, the rod of the nation state, but also a tool for the preservation of national diversity and therefore the question of language is not only cultural but also political.
In modern multilingual and multicultural world the problem of conjugacy of languages and the search for effective and viable language programs for societies consolidation is very urgent. Therefore, the importance and relevance of multilingual education, which is a result of the introduction of the idea of the President of the trinity of languages, do not raise any doubts.
Language policy in Kazakhstan — Kazakhstan’s path of integration into the world community. Today in Kazakhstan society takes place the policy of trilinguism aimed at the development of Kazakh, Russian and English languages. Policy does not require trilinguism forget native language, quite the contrary, it raises the Kazakh language to the first place. It has been twenty years of independent development of Kazakhstan and it is possible to sum up some results, to assess the progress. One of the undoubted successes of the country – development of a unique model of peaceful co-existence of many different ethnicities and cultures. Kazakhstan has developed a unique experience of interaction and mutual enrichment of national cultures. A unique institute of cultural and religious interaction – the Assembly of Nations of Kazakhstan has received the opportunity to directly participate in legislative activities of the Parliament of the Republic of Kazakhstan. People and government of the Republic of Kazakhstan always treat development and wealth of nation states with great care and attention, understand its role in the development of modern society.
This can be understood by studying one of the earliest accepted in independent Kazakhstan laws – “About languages in the Republic of Kazakhstan (from 11.07.1997), which declares all the languages of peoples of Kazakhstan national property, historical and cultural heritage of the country. Issues of development of languages in Kazakhstan are constantly under control of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan N.A. Nazarbayev, who in the annual Message to the people of Kazakhstan always tries to focus attention on the development of education, culture, language. In the Message of the President clearly stated: «The people will become wise in the education of offspring, taking care of their health, education and outlook … will be equally proficient in Kazakh, Russian and English … It will be a patriot of his country, known and respected throughout the world».
One of the most important long-term priorities of the Strategy «Kazakhstan — 2050» is education. President of Kazakhstan Nursultan Nazarbayev has set the task to provide a new level of development of university education and science. Modernization of education should be the basis on which we will build the future economic, political, social and cultural prosperity of the country. For effective modernization is necessary, first of all, competent management of education and in the first place, the educational process that needs to be clarified the idea of «control of the educational process».
The educational process is specially organized targeted interaction of teachers and students, designed to tackle developmental and educational problems characterized by continuous, gradual movement from goals to results, developing and expanding according to certain principles, forms and methods.
By the control of the educational process should be understood focused, systematic organized process of affecting its structural components and links between them, ensuring their integrity, effective implementation of functions and optimal development.
Currently, foreign languages are becoming one of the main factors both socio-economic and general cultural progress of the society. To preserve multilingualism in the modern world are taken various measures, including the presence of foreign language in the educational process of high school. In order to preserve linguistic diversity in Kazakhstan, firstly, it’s supposed to create conditions for learning the mother tongue of the ethnic groups living in Kazakhstan. It is planned to provide educational and methodological assistance, and involvement of experienced teachers, native speakers, the use of international experience and modern technologies in teaching native languages.
An important task is to study English and other foreign languages. One of the key components of the lexical capital of Kazakhstan people is the knowledge of foreign languages as a tool for business and international communication.
Kazakhstan has developed a concept of foreign language education, which from the point of a new methodological approach defines the objectives and content of foreign language education in accordance with international standards — European Reference for Languages which is a framework of levels of proficiency and system of descriptions of these levels with the use of a unified system of concepts, which can be used to describe any certification system, and, therefore, of any training program, starting with setting goals — learning objectives and finishing with achieved by learning competencies.
The State Program of development and functioning of languages has been approved by the Decree of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan No.958 dated June 29, 2011. Which has the main goals, objectives and direction of the state language policy. Subjects of educational process in the study of foreign language are primarily students and teachers. Relationships between teacher and student are built on basis of cooperation, respect student`s personality and giving him freedom to develop according to his individual characteristics. What is more, students are playing an active role in the educational process, the most demand things are the ability to self-learning, increasing of personal responsibility, active acquisition and transfer of knowledge, therefore the teacher acts more as a manager of the learning process and as a mentor, so he is required to such qualification characteristics as the presence of high-level information technology, organizational, communicative, educational and professional competencies; the presence of innovative culture and mobility, high educational and professional skills, as well as a sufficiently high level of English proficiency. Important role in the organization and support of the educational process also plays an educational-methodical service of the university.
The purpose of educational management in a trilinguism can be formulated as increase of management efficiency, which in turn leads to more effective learning of knowledge, skills and allows to intensify the process of learning a foreign language and to achieve a relatively small number of hours of good results both in terms of language , and in terms of co-management and self-learning process.
The basic principles of educational management in trilinguism conditions are:
- Democratization and humanization of education;
- Consistency and integrity in the administration;
- Rational combination of centralization and decentralization;
- The relationship of unity of command and collegiality;
- Scientific validity of management;
- Objectivity, completeness and regularity of information.
The process of learning a foreign language was based on the following fundamental principles:
- Creative nature of learning;
- Active nature of learning process
- The development of learner autonomy in learning activities;
- Learning the culture of native speakers;
- Reliance on voice, educational and cultural experience.
The content of the educational process in terms trilinguism represent, first and foremost, regulatory documents describing the competencies that must be mastered by a student as well as the specific language materials to be learned in a certain period, such as: state educational standards, curriculum, standard curriculum, teaching-methodological complex and educational work program of the discipline.
Language — is a key cultural phenomenon, probably the main mechanism of national unity, a tool of occurrence and reproduction of the nation as a social structure. Language — is a key cultural phenomenon, probably the main mechanism of national unity, a tool occurrence and reproduction of the nation as a social structure. As part of the preservation of linguistic diversity in Kazakhstan supposed to, first of all, create conditions for learning the mother tongue of the ethnic groups living in Kazakhstan. It is planned to provide participants of the educational process of teaching and methodological assistance, as well as involvement experienced teachers, native speakers, the use of international experience and modern technologies in teaching native languages.
Ultimately language — is the core of the nation-state. And so the question of language is not only cultural but also political. At the beginning of this year, will deliver a message to the people of Kazakhstan, President reiterated that for the modern Kazakhstan citizen ownership in three languages - it is a prerequisite of their own well-being and that the English language — it is a necessity. The Head of State said this, even in the difficult early 90s. Without knowledge of English is difficult to integrate into the world community, as this language is the global language of transmitting information in a business environment, as well as in everyday life, and by 2020 the proportion of the population, English speaking, should not be less than 20%.
Мирзаев В.Г.,
Назарбаев Интеллектуальная Школа физико-математического направления, г. Алматы,
КАЗАХСТАН
